• Secures splice plates in the primary wing structure during assembly.
  
  

• Aligns and fastens frame bulkheads under pressurization loads.
  
  

• Locates and clamps engine mounting fittings during engine‑run tests.
  
  

• Maintains precise link spacing under dynamic gear‑extension cycles.

• What torque should be applied to the nut end?

Torque per aircraft‑manufacturer specification, typically 8–10 Nm, for studs of this diameter to achieve proper preload.

• How do I inspect for thread damage?

Visually inspect threads for nicks or galling and verify smooth engagement with a mating nut before installation.

• Is the reuse of the stud recommended?

Reuse is acceptable if no deformation or corrosion is present, but nuts and any thread‑lock feature should be replaced.